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Macular Hole


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dataThe eye is usually compared with a camera. The front of the eye contains lens which focuses the images on the inside of back of the eye. This area, known as the retina, is covered with the special nerve cells which react to the light, like as film in a camera. These nerve cells were very close together in middle of the retina where eye will focuses the images which we see. This small part of retina is known as the macula. Sometimes nerve cells of the macula will become separated from each other & pull away from back surface of eye developing a hole. This is known as macular hole.

CAUSES:

Sometimes macular holes are result from an injury or some type of medical condition which affects the eye, including being very near sighted. In most of the people, it is because of traction on the center of the vision which is more likely to occur as we age increases.

SYMPTOMS:

In the early stage of the macular hole, people will notice a slight of distortion or blurriness in the straight-ahead of the vision. Straight lines or the objects will begin to look like bent or wavy. Reading & performing, doing other routine tasks or works with the affected eye become very difficult.

SURGERY PROCEDURE:

  • The surgical method for the macular holes is done under local anesthesia so the patient will be awake but they won’t feel the pain during the procedure.
  • The initial part of the surgery for the macular hole treatment is to remove the gel-like material, which is known as the vitreous. The method to remove it is known as vitrectomy.
  • The doctor will make tiny openings in the eye to insert some special instruments which are used to remove the vitreous. The doctor will also remove tiny pieces of the tissue ("membranes") or traction near macular hole by using fine and small forceps gently.
  • This is performed to prevent anything from pulling on macula preventing the hole from closing.
    In the last sage of the procedure fluid in the eye is exchanged with the sterile gas that keeps the pressure on macular hole till it heals.
  • Patient needs to maintain a face-down position for 1 - 7 days to keep gas bubble in the place & to help close the hole.
  • If the patient has not a cataract removal method for the same eye, a macular hole operation can usually hasten the progression of the cataract & a cataract procedure need to be performed at a later date.
  • Sometimes a retinal detachment may also occur which will be corrected with retinal reattachment surgery.

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